turn

turn /tə:n/ I. n.1.轮流：My turn will come. 总会轮到我的(总会有出头、胜利之日)。It’s your turn to clean the room. 轮到你打扫房间了。Wait (until it is) your turn.等着轮到你。take one’s turn 轮流：Everyone must take his turn to keep watch. 大家应该轮流值班。take turns 轮流，依次：Three men took turns driving. 那三个人轮流开车。by turn/in turn 依次，轮流：Each man in turn got up and spoke.每个人轮流起来发言。by turns轮流地；交替地：He was by turns amused and mildly annoyed by her.他一会儿被她逗笑，一会儿又被她惹得有点烦。 2.改变，变化：take a turn for the better (worse) 情况好转(恶化) The situation took a new turn. 形势焕然一新。 3.［c］弯曲处，拐弯: The road is full of sharp turns. 路上到处是急转弯。 4.［c］转动: One turn of the key and the door will open. 转一下钥匙，门就会开了。 ‖II. vi. & vt.1.转动，转身：The earth turns round the sun. 地球绕太阳旋转。Go down to the end of the road and turn right. 走到路尽头，而后向右拐。 2.旋转，扭转，转移：turn one’s head 扭头；turn the tap 开龙头；turn the switch 旋开关She turned her attention to another problem. 她把注意力转到另一个问题。3. (使)改变：The hot weather turned the milk. 天热使牛奶变质了。Milk soon turns in summer. 夏天牛奶变质快。4. 用于短语动词 turn against 背叛，转而反对：Those who were once for him have turned against him. 那些原来支持他的人,现在转过来反对他了。He would rather die than turn against his country. 他宁死也不背叛祖国。turn around/round 扭转局面：A new director has been brought in to turn the company round.引进一个新经理来扭转公司局面。The opposition party is promising to turn round the economy in six months if they are elected. 反对党允诺，如果当选，六个月内扭转经济形势。turn away不让进入；（因失去兴趣而）脱离：They turned us away at the entrance because we hadn’t got tickets.因没有票他们不让我们进入。More and more young people are turning away from the church.越来越多的年青人脱离了教会。turn back 回头；改变（计划等）：We ran out of money halfway across America and had to turn back.穿越美洲的半路上我们把钱用光了，只好回头。Once we’ve committed ourselves to this, there’s no turning back.我们一旦承诺就没有改变的余地。turn down 关小，调低；拒绝： turn down the TV. 把电视机声音放低；turn down the oil (gas, lamp) 把油(气、灯)拧小 His request for a raise was turned down. 他想得到提拔的请求遭到拒绝。turn in 交出，上交：Turn in your papers, please.请把试卷交上来。［考句］Under the old system, state enterprises must turn in all profits to the government.老体制下，国有企业必须上缴全部利润给国家。turn (…) into… (使)变成，翻译成：Water can turn into ice. 水可变成冰。Can you turn it into modern Chinese? 你能把它译成现代汉语吗? turn off 关上(收音机，电灯等)；拐弯：Please turn off the radio (TV, gas).请关上收音机(电视，煤气)。Let’s turn off and find a quieter road. 咱们拐弯找一条静一点的道。turn on 打开Turn on the light. 打开电灯。The tap won’t turn on.这龙头扭不开。turn out 制造，生产；关掉，旋熄； 驱逐，使离开结果是，(最后)证明是(可跟形容词、副词、to be 不定式或从句)：turn out a thousand cars (books) 生产(出版印刷)一千辆(本)汽车(书)； turn out the gas 关掉煤气 Two members were turned out for failing to pay the money. 因不付钱两个人被撵走了。It turns out that this method does not work well. 最后证明这方法不行。［考句］The French pianist who had been praised very highly turned out to be a great disappointment.那个曾经受到很高评价的法国钢琴家结果却使人们大为失望。turn over 翻转；移交；仔细考虑：The strikers turned over a police car. 罢工者推翻了一辆警车。turn over a new leaf 翻开新的一页，开启新历史（见leaf条） He turned over the work to the secretary. 他把工作移交给秘书。I turned the idea over for a week before replying. 回答前我把这个想法考虑了一个星期。turn the corner 开始好转（见corner条）turn the tables 扭转局面，转败为胜: She turned the tables on her rival with allegations of corruption. 她声称她的对手腐败而扭转了局面。The plaintiff’s lawyer turned the tables this morning by producing some startling new evidence.今天上午原告律师提出了一些新的令人惊讶的证据而使局面扭转。turn to 翻到，转到；变成；向…求助：Please turn to page 10. 请翻到第10页。Their talk turned to the change that had taken place in the city. 他们的话题转到城市发生的变化。Her love turned to hate. 她的爱变成了仇恨。He turns to me for help whenever he has difficulties. 他无论什么时候有困难，都向我求助。［考句］Faced with all the difficulties, the girl turned to her mother for comfort.面对如此多的困难，这个女孩转向她母亲寻求安慰。turn up 向上翻卷；扭亮(灯火)；开大音量；出席，到场：Turn up your trousers legs and they won’t get wet.把裤腿卷起来,它们就不会湿了。She turned up the lamp. 她把灯拨亮。Turn up the radio so that I can hear the programme. 把收音机音量开大些，好让我听见这个节目。［考句］None of us expected the chairman to turn up at the party. We thought he was still in hospital. 我们没有一个人预料到主席会出席这个晚会，我们都以为他仍在住院。‖III. link v.：The weather suddenly turned cold.天突然变冷。He has turned poet.他已变成诗人了。

［辨析］turn out与produce, manufacture和yield辨见produce