so /səu, 弱sə/ I. adv. 1. (表示方式、方法、情况等)这样,那样:Hold your pen so.把你的笔这样拿着。Is that so? 是那样的吗? So you fully agree. 那么,你完全同意了2. (表示程度等)这么,那么,如此地: works so hard如此努力的工作;so important an event 这么重要的一件事 3.(代替上文的名词、形容词或动词)同样,也,对:You say he works hard; so he does, so do you. 你说他很努力,对,他确实很努力,你也一样。 4. 非常,极:It’s so good of you!你真好! 5. (表示结)因而,所以:It was late, so we went home.天晚了,所以我们就回家去了。6. 用于短语and so on等等:There are different kinds of power, such as water power, electric power and so on. 有很多种动力,如水力、电力等等。 ever so 非常,极其:He is ever so strong. 他非常健壮。 so and so某某;如此这般:He told me to do so-and-so. 他叫我如此这般地做。Dear Mr. so-and-so: May I draw your attention to the following. 某某先生,请看一下内容。so as to 为的是,使得,以便;结果,以致:I’ll get everything ready so as not to keep you waiting. 我要把一切都准备好,以便不让你久等。He struck the snake so as to break its back. 他对蛇一击,结果打断了它的脊背。 so… as to… 如此…以致…(表示结果或程度):He was so angry as to be unable to speak.他气得话都说不出来了。She is so young as to look like a child. 她年轻得像个孩子似的。 so far 迄今为止,就此范围(或程度)来说:They are doing things no one has so far attempted. 他们正在做以前没有人尝试过的事情。so that 为的是,使得(表示目的,后面的从句中常有一个情态动词);结果是,以致:I’ll give you all the facts so that you can judge for yourself. 我把所有的事实都告诉你,使你能自己做出判断。Everybody lent a hand, so that the work was finished on time.人人动手,结果按时完成了任务。 so…that 如此…以致…,如此…使得…:The wind blew so hard that we could hardly walk.风刮得很大,我们几乎不能走。[考句]So confused did he become that he didn’t know how to start his lecture.他感到很迷乱,不知如何开始自己的讲座。(so放句首,句子要倒装 so to speak 多多少少是真的:I am a writer, so to speak.多多少少我算是一个作家。so/as long as conj. 只要:[考句] As long as he works hard, I don’t mind when he finishes the experiment.只要他努力去做就行,我不在乎他何时完成实验。‖II. pron. 1. (用作expect, hope, say一类动词的宾语)这样,如此: I hope so. 我希望如此。You don’t say so.你不会是这个意思吧。 2. (用在or之后)左右,上下: I read only a page or so. 我只看了一页左右。
[辨析]so和such都可用来加强语气,表示“如此”, “这样”,但其用法不同。 1. such是前位限定词,用来修饰名词;so是副词,用来修饰形容词或副词:We had such fun.我们玩得真开心。 Why are you so late?你怎么这么晚来? 2. such和so都可用在“形容词+泛指的单数可数名词” 之前,但其位置不同,其结构分别是“such+a/an+adj.+n.”,“so+adj.+a/an+n.”: I had never before met such a gentle person. (=… so gentle a person.) 我过去从来没有遇见过这么文雅的人。 3.在复数名词、不可数名词以及没有形容词修饰的单数可数名词之前,只能用such, 不能用so: They are such clever people. 他们是如此聪明的人。He is such a fool. 他真是个大傻瓜。4.如果名词前有表示数量多少的单个形容词(如few, little, much, many等)修饰时,只能用so, 不能用such: Don’t make so much noise. 不要这样吵闹。