hold /həuld/ I. vt.& vi.(held, held) 1. 抓住：She held me by the sleeve.她抓住我的袖子。 2.抑制： They held their breath to see which runner would win.他们都屏住气，要看一看哪个赛跑运动员获胜。3. 举行：The talks between the two countries was held in Beijing yesterday. 两国会谈昨天在北京举行。4.容纳：This theatre holds a thousand persons. 这家戏院能容纳1000人。5. 掌握(权力)，担任(职务等)：hold the position 担任职务；hold many offices 担任过许多职务 6. 拥有，持有：hold much property 占有很多财产 7. 认为，相信(可跟从句，不定式的复合结构或形容词复合结构)：People once hold that the world was flat.(=…hold the world (to be) flat.)人们曾经认为世界是平的。You can't hold yourself responsible for what happened.你不可能认为自己应对发生的事负责。I hold that this is a right decision.(=I hold this (to be) a right decision.)我相信这是个正确的决定。 8. 粘住，托住；保持住：He tried glue but it would not hold.他试了一下胶水,但不粘它。9. 用于短语动词 hold back犹豫不定；阻止： She hold back, not knowing what to do or say. 她踌躇不前，因不知做啥和说啥。Do not hold back the truth.不要隐瞒真相。His poor education is holding him back. 他学历不高，阻碍他进步。hold down压住；控制住；不给自由：It took four police officers to hold him down.四个警察才把他摁倒。Car manufacturers are holding down their prices in an attempt to boost sales.汽车制造商想把价格降下来以促使销售。The satellite states were previously held down by a strong central government. 这些卫星州以前被集权中央政府压制得一点自由也没有。hold fast to 坚决坚持: He held fast to his principles.他坚决坚持他的原则。hold forth（不厌其烦地）谈论：She held forth on a variety of subjects all through lunch.整个午餐她都在谈论各类题目。hold …in contempt 看不起，不尊重（见contempt条）hold off 暂不开始：Let’s hold off making a decision until next week.到下周我们再作决定吧。hold on 坚持；等一会(电话用语)：Hold on, every thing will be all right.坚持下去，一切都会好转的。Wait. Hold on a minute. 请等一下，别挂电话。hold one’s own 不逊色；（病情）稳定：Joe can hold her own in any argument.乔在各种争论中都不逊色。He’s still ill but holding his own.他还病着，但已经稳定。hold on to 紧抓不放: He held on to the rope.他紧紧抓住绳子。hold out 伸出；坚持，顶住：He held out his hand in welcome.他伸出手来表示欢迎。 You must hold out! 你得顶住。The other side are holding out for a higher price.另一边坚持索要更高的价格。They won’t be able to hold out much longer under this sort of bombardment.在这样的轰击下，他们的自卫不能坚持太久了。hold to 坚持（原则，方向等）；紧握［考句］ I always hold to what I have said.我一贯信守诺言。hold over 推迟；延长加演：The match had to be held over because of heavy rain. 因下大雨比赛不得不推迟。The movie is so popular that it’s being held over. 这部电影很受欢迎，现在正在重放。hold sb. to ransom 威慑强迫某人：Some people regarded the miners’ strike as the union holding the nation to ransom.有的人认为矿工的罢工是集体对国家的威慑。hold together 维持（团结，原状等）：We ought to do everything we can to get marriages to hold together.我们应该尽力维持婚姻。hold up 1. 举起：The assistant held up the goods for the buyer to see.售货员拿起货物来让购买者看。2. 延迟：［考句］There was a big hole in the road which held up the traffic.由于道路中间有个大洞，交通受到阻碍。3. 展示，举出：Grandfather always held up his youngest son as a model of hard work. 祖父总是把他的小儿子作为认真工作的典范列举出来。hold one’s head high 昂首，趾高气扬：Don’t hold your head too high. 不要太趾高气扬。hold with 同意（常用于否定句）：She doesn’t hold with people living together before they’re married.她不同意不结婚就同居的人。 ‖II. n. 1.抓住(可加不定冠词)：His tight hold on the rope saved him from a bad fall.他紧紧抓住绳子才没有掉下来。 2. ［c］船舱: hold man 货舱装卸工；hold ladder 货舱梯 3. 控制，掌握(可加不定冠词)： get a hold on sb. 控制某人；keep one’s hold over sth. 保持对某样东西的控制权3. 用于短语 catch hold of 抓住：He has caught hold of a rope and saved himself. 他抓住了一根绳子，没有掉下来。get hold of握，抓住：Little children sometimes get hold of sharp knives and cut themselves.小孩子有时会抓住锋利的刀子，割伤自己。take hold of 握，抓住：He took hold of the knob and opened the door.他抓住门的把手，把门打开。
holder /ˈhəudə/ n.［c］持有者，占有者；主持人：a British passport holder英国护照持有者；a share holder股票持有人；holders of two American hostages持有两名美国人质的人The holder of the office of chairman is reponsible for arranging meetings.担任主席职位的人负责安排会议。
