damage

damage /ˈdæmidʒ/ I. vt. 损 坏：be slightly damaged 遭到轻微损害 A torrent of rain came down and damaged the crops. 山洪下来损坏了庄稼。 ‖II. n. 1. ［u］损坏，损害: The earthquake caused great damage. 地震导致巨大损坏。［考句］After the collision, he examined the considerable damage to his car.撞车之后，他检查一下车子，看有没有重大的损伤。2.赔偿费(pl.): The court ordered him to pay ￡1500 damages to the person he had hurt. 法庭责令他向他伤害的人赔偿 1500英镑。He claimed ￡5000 damages from his employers for the loss of his right arm while at work. 因在上班时失(去)了右胳膊而向他的雇主要求赔偿5000英镑。

［辨析］damage主要指损坏后价值或效率的降低，一般是部分性的。spoil主要指使物体在美观、用途、价值方面“损坏、毁坏”，一般含有损坏后不能补救的意思。