用分组法记忆有关国家的单词
江苏铜山县郑集中学 宋德富
第一组以China为例:the Chinese language, a Chinese, two Chinese The Chinese are hard-working.
特点:形容词Chinese可作名词表示该国(地区)的人,多数不变。定冠词the+形容词泛指该国(地区)的人,要看成复数。本组包括Japan (Japanese), Portugal (Portuguese), Switzerland(Swiss)。
第二组以America为例:
the American football
an American,two Americans
The Americans like to play basketball.
特点:形容词American可作名词表示该国(地区)的人,但用作复数时要加上s。定冠词the+该国(地区)的人(复数)表示泛指。同学们熟悉的国家(地区)主要集中在这一组,它们是Africa(African),Asia(Asian),Australia(Australian),Italy(Italian),Russia(Russian),Belgium(Belgian),Europe(European),Germany(German),Greece(Greek), Hungary(Hungarian)
第三组词类同学们熟悉的只有England和French,它们的使用举例如下:
the English(French)beer
an Englishman(a Frenchman), two Englishmen(Frenchmen)
The English(The French)/Englishmen(Frenchmen) like playing football
特点:形容词English(French)不作该国单个人的名词,而要在其后加上man或woman,但在泛指时,既可用不带定冠词的复数名词,也可用定冠词the +形容词,但要注意将后者也看作复数。
第四组词类同学们熟悉的只有两个,Sweden以及Arabia。它们的使用举例如下:
the Swedish(Arabian)people
a Swede,two Swedes;an Arab,two Arabs
The Swedes (Arabs) are brave people,
特点:形容词既不能作名词来特指该国人,一般也不能够在前面加上the来泛指该国人。请注意Arabia还有一个形容词Arabic常用于Arabic numerals (阿拉伯数字,the Arabic 1anguage)。例:He speaks Arabic fluently.
Exercise请用Japan,Australia,Germany,France, Sweden 替换下面短文中的Switzerland并将其余的有关单词作相应的改变:
My friend comes from Switzerland (1). He is a Swiss (2) and speaks with a strong Swiss (3) accent.There are two other Swiss (4) staying with him. The Swiss (5) are very friendly people.
答案:
(1) Japan, Australia, Germany. France, Sweden; (2) Japanese, Australian, German, Frenchman, Swede; (3) Japanese, Australian, German, French, Swedish; (4)Japanese, Australians, Germans, Frenchmen, Swedes; (5) Japanese, Australians, Germans, Frenchmen/French, Swedes
广东教育出版社《中学生之友》编辑部
中学生之友初中版6/1987